/munetakaJupyterHub/Computer/Linux/Gentoo/OldNotes/.ipynb_checkpoints/installGenttoForOragngePi5-checkpoint.md

§2023-08-21

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On a orange pi5 Plus running archlinux, I would like to make an image of Gentto on a microSD 32G to boot it up with Gentto. Please give the instructions using stgae 3 arm64 tar ball.

¶ 1.0 Download the Stage 3 Tarball:

Visit the Gentoo Download Page and locate the ARM64 stage 3 tarball.

$ pwd
/opt/xfs/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src
$ wget https://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/arm64/autobuilds/20230813T234643Z/stage3-arm64-systemd-20230813T234643Z.tar.xz

¶2. Prepare the MicroSD Card: Insert the 32GB microSD card into your computer. You'll need to format it with a compatible file system. You can use tools like gparted or fdisk to create the necessary partitions. The first partition should be a small (e.g., 100MB) FAT partition for the bootloader and kernel. The second partition can be the rest of the available space, formatted as an ext4 partition to hold the root file system.

Device     Boot   Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1          2048  1050623  1048576  512M  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sda2       1050624 62333951 61283328 29.2G 83 Linux

$ sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1
$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2

¶3. mount /dev/sd1 nad transfer the Stage 3 Tarball to it:

$ cd build/gentoo/src/
$ ls
boot  root  stage3-arm64-systemd-20230813T234643Z.tar.xz
$ mkdir root boot

$ sudo mount /dev/sda2 root
$ sudo tar xvpf stage3-arm64-systemd-20230813T234643Z.tar.xz -C root/
$ ls -l root
total 88
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 16:42 bin
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 boot
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096  8月 14 15:59 dev
drwxr-xr-x 35 root root  4096  8月 14 16:44 etc
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 home
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root  4096  8月 14 16:35 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096  8月 14 16:42 lib64
drwx------  2 root root 16384  8月 20 09:42 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 media
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 mnt
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 opt
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 proc
drwx------  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:55 root
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 run
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 16:44 sbin
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096  8月 14 15:48 sys
drwxrwxrwt  2 root root  4096  8月 14 16:44 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root  4096  8月 14 15:59 usr
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root  4096  8月 14 16:11 var
``
- mount it as,
$ sudo mount -o bind /dev/ root/dev/
$ sudo mount -t proc none root/proc
$ sudo mount -o bind /sys root/sys

The mount -t option in the mount command is used to specify the type of filesystem to be mounted. It is used along with the -o option to provide additional mount options and parameters. The basic syntax for using the -t option is:
Check the mount

$ mount |grep gentoo
/dev/sda2 on /opt/xfs/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src/root type ext4 (rw,relatime)
dev on /opt/xfs/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src/root/dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=7975440k,nr_inodes=1993860,mode=755)
none on /opt/xfs/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src/root/proc type proc (rw,relatime)
sys on /opt/xfs/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src/root/sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)

¶¶ 3. Chroot into the New System:

[alexlai@n2Mnjaro gentoo]$ sudo arch-chroot root /bin/bash
[sudo] password for alexlai: 
mount: /opt/xfs/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src/root/sys: sys already mounted on /sys.
       dmesg(1) may have more information after failed mount system call.
==> ERROR: failed to setup chroot root
n2Mnjaro / #

-- errors , stop here!!

dmesg | grep -i 'mount' ???

n2Mnjaro / # source /etc/profile
n2Mnjaro / # export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"
(chroot) n2Mnjaro / #

n2Mnjaro / # source /etc/profile n2Mnjaro / # export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}" (chroot) n2Mnjaro / #


bash
Copy code
chroot /path/to/rootfs /bin/bash
Configuring the System:
Inside the chroot environment, you need to set up various configurations, including network settings, hostname, timezone, etc. Refer to the Gentoo Handbook for ARM64 for detailed instructions on configuring the system: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:ARM64

Install Bootloader and Kernel:
Install a bootloader (such as U-Boot) onto the FAT partition and configure it to boot the Gentoo kernel. Refer to the Gentoo Handbook for specific instructions on setting up the bootloader: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Embedded_Handbook/Bootloaders

Finishing Up:
Once you've configured everything properly, exit the chroot environment, unmount all the mounted filesystems, and safely remove the microSD card from your computer.

Boot into Gentoo:
Insert the microSD card into the Orange Pi 5 Plus and power it on. If everything is set up correctly, your Orange Pi should boot into Gentoo.

Remember, these are high-level instructions, and the actual process might require additional steps or troubleshooting based on your specific hardware and any updates since my last knowledge update. Always refer to the official Gentoo documentation and community resources for the most accurate and detailed guidance.






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