/munetakaJupyterHub/Computer/Linux/Gentoo/RaspiBerry/04-dealingMicroSD.md

§2023-09-06

Background

The Raspberry Pi does not need a boot loader. There is no firmware for the ARM CPU, like there is in a PC. Instead, the GPU manages loading software for the CPU to execute, while the CPU is held reset. Its the GPU that has the 'BIOS' that gets everything started.

This makes it impossible to brick the Pi, since at worst, the microSD card needs to be reloaded.

This arrangement does impose some constraints on the microSD card.
- The partition table must be MSDOS
- The first partition (/boot) must be vfat.
- The bootcode.bin file has some useful defaults that make setup easier, which we will take advantage of later.

¶ Step 1. Partion microSD and Format

Using the partitioning tool of your choice, make three partitions on your microSD card.

デバイス   起動 開始位置 最後から   セクタ サイズ Id タイプ
/dev/sdc1           2048   264191   262144   128M  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdc2         264192  4458495  4194304     2G 82 Linux スワップ / Solaris
/dev/sdc3        4458496 31225855 26767360  12.8G 83 Linux

$ sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdc1
mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)
$ sudo mkswap /dev/sdc2
スワップ空間バージョン 1 を設定します。サイズ = 2 GiB (2147479552 バイト)
ラベルはありません, UUID=3ffda2e2-5c28-44ee-8288-2c77eb0e1d39
$ sudo mkfs.ext4  /dev/sdc3

¶ Step 2: Install the arm64 stage 3

$ sudo mkidr -p /mnt/gentoo
$ sudo mount /dev/sdc3 /mnt/gentoo
$ sudo tar xpvf stage3-arm64-systemd-20230903T203159Z.tar.xz --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner -C /mnt/gentoo

$ ls /mnt/gentoo/mnt/           <-- shoould be empty
/build/gentoo/src$ ls /mnt/gentoo/
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  sys  tmp  usr  var

explanation

tar: The command for working with tar archives.
xpvf: Options for tar:
x: Extract the archive.
p: Preserve permissions and ownership.
v: Verbosely list the files processed.
f: Specify the archive file to work with.
stage3-arm64-systemd-20230903T203159Z.tar.xz: The name of the input tar.xz archive file.
--xattrs-include='*.*': Include all extended attributes when extracting files.
--numeric-owner: Preserve numeric ownership information.
-C /mnt/gentoo: Change the directory to /mnt/gentoo before extracting the archive.

¶ Step 3: Install a Gentoo repository snapshot

This step is not actually needed to boot the Pi but emerge won't work without it. No software can be installed without the Gentoo repository containing the ebuilds to emerge.

Following the Handbook fetch and unpack a Gentoo repository shapshot in the normal way.

# get portage latest snapshot
$ wget https://distfiles.gentoo.org/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2


$ sudo mkdir /mnt/gentoo/var/db/repos/gentoo

$ sudo tar xvpf portage-latest.tar.bz2 --strip-components=1 -C /mnt/gentoo/var/db/repos/gentoo

$ sudo ls  /mnt/gentoo/var/db/repos/gentoo
Manifest           app-crypt        app-office     dev-erlang   dev-qt           games-engines     gnome-base      licenses       media-sound   net-mail      sci-astronomy      sec-policy         sys-libs     x11-libs
Manifest.files.gz  app-dicts        app-officeext  dev-games    dev-ruby         games-fps         gnome-extra     lxde-base      media-tv      net-misc      sci-biology        skel.ebuild        sys-power    x11-misc
acct-group         app-doc          app-pda        dev-go       dev-scheme       games-kids        gnustep-apps    lxqt-base      media-video   net-nds       sci-calculators    skel.metadata.xml  sys-process  x11-plugins
acct-user          app-editors      app-portage    dev-haskell  dev-tcltk        games-misc        gnustep-base    mail-client    metadata      net-news      sci-chemistry      sys-apps           virtual      x11-terms
app-accessibility  app-emacs        app-shells     dev-java     dev-tex          games-mud         gnustep-libs    mail-filter    net-analyzer  net-nntp      sci-electronics    sys-auth           www-apache   x11-themes
app-admin          app-emulation    app-text       dev-lang     dev-texlive      games-puzzle      gui-apps        mail-mta       net-dialup    net-p2p       sci-geosciences    sys-block          www-apps     x11-wm
app-alternatives   app-eselect      app-vim        dev-libs     dev-util         games-roguelike   gui-libs        mate-base      net-dns       net-print     sci-libs           sys-boot           www-client   xfce-base
app-antivirus      app-forensics    app-xemacs     dev-lisp     dev-vcs          games-rpg         gui-wm          mate-extra     net-firewall  net-proxy     sci-mathematics    sys-cluster        www-misc     xfce-extra
app-arch           app-i18n         dev-ada        dev-lua      eclass           games-server      header.txt      media-fonts    net-fs        net-voip      sci-misc           sys-devel          www-plugins
app-backup         app-laptop       dev-cpp        dev-ml       games-action     games-simulation  kde-apps        media-gfx      net-ftp       net-vpn       sci-physics        sys-fabric         www-servers
app-benchmarks     app-metrics      dev-db         dev-perl     games-arcade     games-sports      kde-frameworks  media-libs     net-im        net-wireless  sci-visualization  sys-firmware       x11-apps
app-cdr            app-misc         dev-dotnet     dev-php      games-board      games-strategy    kde-misc        media-plugins  net-irc       perl-core     scripts            sys-fs             x11-base
app-containers     app-mobilephone  dev-embedded   dev-python   games-emulation  games-util        kde-plasma      media-radio    net-libs      profiles      sec-keys           sys-kernel         x11-drivers

$ df /mnt/gentoo/
Filesystem     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdc3       13066944 1908520  10472856  16% /mnt/gentoo

¶ Step 4: Populating /boot

The Raspberry Pi Foundation provided files

$ git clone -b stable --depth=1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware
$ mv firmware/ raspi-firmware

Mount the microSD card boot at /mnt/gentoo/boot. (The microSD card root should still be mounted at /mnt/gentoo)

$ sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/gentoo/boot/
sdc           8:32   1  14.9G  0 disk 
├─sdc1        8:33   1   128M  0 part /mnt/gentoo/boot
├─sdc2        8:34   1     2G  0 part 
└─sdc3        8:35   1  12.8G  0 part /mnt/gentoo

$ sudo cp -rv raspi-firmware/boot/* /mnt/gentoo/boot
'raspi-firmware/boot/COPYING.linux' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/COPYING.linux'
'raspi-firmware/boot/LICENCE.broadcom' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/LICENCE.broadcom'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2708-rpi-b-plus.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2708-rpi-b-rev1.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2708-rpi-b-rev1.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2708-rpi-b.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2708-rpi-b.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2708-rpi-cm.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2708-rpi-cm.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2708-rpi-zero-w.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2708-rpi-zero-w.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2708-rpi-zero.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2708-rpi-zero.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2709-rpi-cm2.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2709-rpi-cm2.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-2-b.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-cm3.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2710-rpi-zero-2-w.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-zero-2-w.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2710-rpi-zero-2.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-zero-2.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2711-rpi-4-b.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2711-rpi-400.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2711-rpi-400.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2711-rpi-cm4-io.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2711-rpi-cm4-io.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2711-rpi-cm4.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2711-rpi-cm4.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bcm2711-rpi-cm4s.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2711-rpi-cm4s.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/bootcode.bin' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/bootcode.bin'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup4.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup4.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup4cd.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup4cd.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup4db.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup4db.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup4x.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup4x.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup_cd.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup_cd.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup_db.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup_db.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/fixup_x.dat' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/fixup_x.dat'
'raspi-firmware/boot/kernel.img' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/kernel.img'
'raspi-firmware/boot/kernel7.img' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/kernel7.img'
'raspi-firmware/boot/kernel7l.img' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/kernel7l.img'
'raspi-firmware/boot/kernel8.img' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/kernel8.img'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/fbtft.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/fbtft.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/exc3000.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/exc3000.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/edt-ft5406.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/edt-ft5406.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/enc28j60-spi2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/enc28j60-spi2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/enc28j60.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/enc28j60.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-charger.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-charger.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-fan.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-fan.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-hog.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-hog.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-ir-tx.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-ir-tx.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-ir.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-ir.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-key.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-key.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-led.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-led.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-no-bank0-irq.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-no-bank0-irq.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-no-irq.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-no-irq.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-poweroff.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-poweroff.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gpio-shutdown.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gpio-shutdown.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hd44780-lcd.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hd44780-lcd.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hdmi-backlight-hwhack-gpio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hdmi-backlight-hwhack-gpio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-amp.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-amp.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-amp100.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-amp100.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-amp3.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-amp3.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplusadc.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplusadc.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplusadcpro.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplusadcpro.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplusdsp.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplusdsp.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplushd.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-dacplushd.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-digi-pro.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-digi-pro.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hifiberry-digi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hifiberry-digi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/highperi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/highperi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hy28a.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hy28a.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hy28b-2017.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hy28b-2017.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/hy28b.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/hy28b.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i-sabre-q2m.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i-sabre-q2m.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-bcm2708.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-bcm2708.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-fan.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-fan.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-gpio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-gpio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-mux.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-mux.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-pwm-pca9685a.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-pwm-pca9685a.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-rtc-gpio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-rtc-gpio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-rtc.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-rtc.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c-sensor.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c-sensor.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c3.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c3.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c5.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c5.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2c6.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2c6.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2s-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2s-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/i2s-gpio28-31.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/i2s-gpio28-31.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ilitek251x.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ilitek251x.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx219.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx219.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx258.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx258.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx290.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx290.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx296.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx296.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx327.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx327.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx378.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx378.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx462.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx462.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx477.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx477.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx519.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx519.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/imx708.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/imx708.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/iqaudio-codec.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/iqaudio-codec.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/iqaudio-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/iqaudio-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/iqaudio-dacplus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/iqaudio-dacplus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/iqaudio-digi-wm8804-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/iqaudio-digi-wm8804-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/iqs550.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/iqs550.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/irs1125.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/irs1125.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/jedec-spi-nor.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/jedec-spi-nor.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/justboom-both.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/justboom-both.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/justboom-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/justboom-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/justboom-digi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/justboom-digi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ltc294x.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ltc294x.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/max98357a.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/max98357a.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/maxtherm.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/maxtherm.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mbed-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mbed-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp23017.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp23017.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp23s17.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp23s17.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp2515-can0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp2515-can0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp2515-can1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp2515-can1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp2515.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp2515.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp251xfd.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp251xfd.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp3008.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp3008.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp3202.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp3202.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mcp342x.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mcp342x.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/media-center.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/media-center.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/merus-amp.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/merus-amp.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/midi-uart0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/midi-uart0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/midi-uart1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/midi-uart1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/midi-uart2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/midi-uart2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/midi-uart3.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/midi-uart3.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/midi-uart4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/midi-uart4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/midi-uart5.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/midi-uart5.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/minipitft13.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/minipitft13.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/miniuart-bt.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/miniuart-bt.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mipi-dbi-spi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mipi-dbi-spi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mlx90640.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mlx90640.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mmc.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mmc.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mpu6050.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mpu6050.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/mz61581.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/mz61581.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ov2311.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ov2311.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ov5647.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ov5647.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ov7251.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ov7251.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ov9281.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ov9281.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/overlay_map.dtb' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/overlay_map.dtb'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/papirus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/papirus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pca953x.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pca953x.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pcf857x.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pcf857x.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pcie-32bit-dma.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pcie-32bit-dma.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pibell.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pibell.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pifacedigital.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pifacedigital.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pifi-40.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pifi-40.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pifi-dac-hd.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pifi-dac-hd.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pifi-dac-zero.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pifi-dac-zero.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pifi-mini-210.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pifi-mini-210.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/piglow.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/piglow.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/piscreen.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/piscreen.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/piscreen2r.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/piscreen2r.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pisound.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pisound.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pitft22.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pitft22.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pitft28-capacitive.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pitft28-capacitive.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pitft28-resistive.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pitft28-resistive.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pitft35-resistive.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pitft35-resistive.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pps-gpio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pps-gpio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/proto-codec.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/proto-codec.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pwm-2chan.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pwm-2chan.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pwm-ir-tx.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pwm-ir-tx.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pwm.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pwm.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/pwm1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/pwm1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/qca7000-uart0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/qca7000-uart0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/qca7000.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/qca7000.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ramoops-pi4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ramoops-pi4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ramoops.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ramoops.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rotary-encoder.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rotary-encoder.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-backlight.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-backlight.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-codeczero.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-codeczero.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-dacplus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-dacplus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-dacpro.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-dacpro.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-digiampplus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-digiampplus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-ft5406.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-ft5406.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-poe-plus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-poe-plus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-poe.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-poe.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-sense-v2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-sense-v2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-sense.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-sense.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rpi-tv.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rpi-tv.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/rra-digidac1-wm8741-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/rra-digidac1-wm8741-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sainsmart18.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sainsmart18.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sc16is750-i2c.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sc16is750-i2c.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sc16is752-i2c.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sc16is752-i2c.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sc16is752-spi0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sc16is752-spi0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sc16is752-spi1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sc16is752-spi1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sdhost.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sdhost.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sdio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sdio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/seeed-can-fd-hat-v1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/seeed-can-fd-hat-v1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/seeed-can-fd-hat-v2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/seeed-can-fd-hat-v2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sh1106-spi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sh1106-spi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/si446x-spi0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/si446x-spi0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/smi-dev.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/smi-dev.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/smi-nand.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/smi-nand.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/smi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/smi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi-gpio35-39.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi-gpio35-39.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi-gpio40-45.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi-gpio40-45.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi-rtc.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi-rtc.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi0-0cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi0-0cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi0-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi0-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi0-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi0-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi1-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi1-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi1-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi1-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi1-3cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi1-3cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi2-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi2-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi2-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi2-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi2-3cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi2-3cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi3-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi3-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi3-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi3-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi4-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi4-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi4-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi4-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi5-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi5-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi5-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi5-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi6-1cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi6-1cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/spi6-2cs.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/spi6-2cs.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ssd1306-spi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ssd1306-spi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ssd1306.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ssd1306.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ssd1331-spi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ssd1331-spi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ssd1351-spi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ssd1351-spi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/superaudioboard.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/superaudioboard.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/sx150x.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/sx150x.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/tc358743-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/tc358743-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/tc358743.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/tc358743.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/tinylcd35.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/tinylcd35.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/tpm-slb9670.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/tpm-slb9670.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/tpm-slb9673.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/tpm-slb9673.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/uart0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/uart0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/uart1.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/uart1.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/uart2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/uart2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/uart3.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/uart3.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/uart4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/uart4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/uart5.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/uart5.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/udrc.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/udrc.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/disable-bt.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/disable-bt.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/disable-emmc2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/disable-emmc2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/disable-wifi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/disable-wifi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dpi18.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dpi18.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dpi18cpadhi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dpi18cpadhi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dpi24.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dpi24.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/draws.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/draws.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dwc-otg.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dwc-otg.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/cutiepi-panel.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/cutiepi-panel.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dacberry400.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dacberry400.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dht11.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dht11.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dionaudio-kiwi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dionaudio-kiwi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dionaudio-loco-v2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dionaudio-loco-v2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dionaudio-loco.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dionaudio-loco.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ugreen-dabboard.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ugreen-dabboard.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/upstream-pi4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/upstream-pi4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/upstream.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/upstream.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-fkms-v3d-pi4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-fkms-v3d-pi4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-fkms-v3d.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-fkms-v3d.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-generic.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-generic.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-hyperpixel2r.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-hyperpixel2r.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-hyperpixel4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-hyperpixel4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-hyperpixel4sq.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-hyperpixel4sq.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-panel.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dpi-panel.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-7inch.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-7inch.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-lt070me05000-v2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-lt070me05000-v2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-lt070me05000.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-lt070me05000.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-waveshare-panel.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-dsi-waveshare-panel.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-kippah-7inch.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-kippah-7inch.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-v3d-pi4.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-v3d-pi4.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-v3d.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-v3d.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-vga666.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vc4-kms-vga666.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vga666.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vga666.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/vl805.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/vl805.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/w1-gpio-pullup.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/w1-gpio-pullup.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/w1-gpio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/w1-gpio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/w5500.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/w5500.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/watterott-display.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/watterott-display.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/waveshare-can-fd-hat-mode-a.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/waveshare-can-fd-hat-mode-a.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/waveshare-can-fd-hat-mode-b.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/waveshare-can-fd-hat-mode-b.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/wittypi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/wittypi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/wm8960-soundcard.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/wm8960-soundcard.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/crystalfontz-cfa050_pi_m.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/crystalfontz-cfa050_pi_m.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/cirrus-wm5102.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/cirrus-wm5102.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/cm-swap-i2c0.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/cm-swap-i2c0.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/cma.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/cma.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/chipdip-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/chipdip-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/camera-mux-4port.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/camera-mux-4port.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/balena-fin.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/balena-fin.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/camera-mux-2port.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/camera-mux-2port.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audremap.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audremap.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/README' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/README'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/act-led.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/act-led.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/adafruit-st7735r.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/adafruit-st7735r.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/adafruit18.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/adafruit18.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/adau1977-adc.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/adau1977-adc.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/adau7002-simple.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/adau7002-simple.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ads1015.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ads1015.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ads1115.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ads1115.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ads7846.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ads7846.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/adv7282m.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/adv7282m.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/adv728x-m.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/adv728x-m.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/akkordion-iqdacplus.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/akkordion-iqdacplus.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/allo-boss-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/allo-boss2-dac-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/allo-boss2-dac-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/allo-digione.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/allo-digione.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/allo-katana-dac-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/allo-katana-dac-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/allo-piano-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/allo-piano-dac-pcm512x-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/allo-piano-dac-plus-pcm512x-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/allo-piano-dac-plus-pcm512x-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/anyspi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/anyspi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/apds9960.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/apds9960.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/applepi-dac.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/applepi-dac.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/arducam-64mp.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/arducam-64mp.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/arducam-pivariety.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/arducam-pivariety.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/at86rf233.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/at86rf233.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audioinjector-addons.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audioinjector-addons.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audioinjector-bare-i2s.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audioinjector-bare-i2s.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audioinjector-isolated-soundcard.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audioinjector-isolated-soundcard.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audioinjector-ultra.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audioinjector-ultra.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audioinjector-wm8731-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audioinjector-wm8731-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/audiosense-pi.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/audiosense-pi.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/cap1106.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/cap1106.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/dwc2.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/dwc2.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/fe-pi-audio.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/fe-pi-audio.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/fsm-demo.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/fsm-demo.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/gc9a01.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/gc9a01.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/ghost-amp.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/ghost-amp.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/goodix.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/goodix.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/overlays/googlevoicehat-soundcard.dtbo' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/overlays/googlevoicehat-soundcard.dtbo'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start4.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start4.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start4cd.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start4cd.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start4db.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start4db.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start4x.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start4x.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start_cd.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start_cd.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start_db.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start_db.elf'
'raspi-firmware/boot/start_x.elf' -> '/mnt/gentoo/boot/start_x.elf'

You should end up with files in /mnt/gentoo/boot, not a directory called boot. Not all the files there are required. It's a one size fits all for all models of Raspberry Pi operating in 32-bit mode.

§Install the kernel to the microSD card

The kernel was built above, now to install it. The kernel is in three parts:

Kernel binary.
The device tree.
Kernel modules.

¶ Step 5: Install the kernel binary

alexlai@SurfacePro:~/build/gentoo/src$ ls root/usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/arch/arm64/boot/
Image  Image.gz  Makefile  dts  install.sh
$ sudo cp -v root/usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image /mnt/gentoo/boot/my_kernel8-rpi3-b.img

What is config.txt? The Raspberry Pi uses /boot/config.txt as its configuration file instead of the BIOS you would expect to find on a conventional PC.

sudo nano /mnt/gentoo/boot/config.txt

# for my rpi3 modelB
kernel=my_kernel8-rpi3-b.img

¶ Step 6: The device tree (.dtb)

The device tree binary (.dtb) describes the hardware to the kernel. This avoids having all the existing hardware configurations hard coded into the kernel.

Due to the way the Raspberry Pi 64-bit kernel support has been added, there are going to be two different device trees with the same file name.

A 32-bit version and
a 64-bit version.
They are not interchangeable. Move the 32-bit version out of the way.
?? Move the 32-bit version out of the way.

$ ls /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3*
/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb  /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb
$ sudo mv /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb_32
$ sudo mv /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb_32
$ ls /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3*
/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb_32  /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb_32

Copy the dtb from the build location

For Raspberry Pi 3B:

$ sudo cp -v root/usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb /mnt/gentoo/boot

For Raspberry Pi 3B Plus:

$ sudo cp -v root/usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb /mnt/gentoo/boot

For Raspberry Pi 3B:

$ sudo cp -v root/usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb /mnt/gentoo/boot

$ ls /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3*
/mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb  /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b-plus.dtb_32  /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb  /mnt/gentoo/boot/bcm2710-rpi-3-b.dtb_32

*.dtb and *.dts files are related to device tree configuration on systems that use the Device Tree mechanism, which is common in embedded systems and single-board computers like the Raspberry Pi. These files are used to describe the hardware configuration of a system in a human-readable and machine-parsable format. Here's the difference between them:

DTS (Device Tree Source) Files (*.dts):

Human-Readable: DTS files are human-readable text files. They are typically written by developers to describe the hardware configuration of a system. Source Code: DTS files are the source code for the device tree. They contain descriptions of devices, their addresses, interrupt mappings, and other hardware-related information. Editable: DTS files can be edited directly by developers to modify the hardware configuration of a system. Not Loaded by the System: DTS files are not loaded directly by the system but are compiled into DTB files. DTB (Device Tree Blob) Files (*.dtb):

Binary: DTB files are binary files compiled from DTS files. They are not human-readable and are intended for consumption by the kernel and bootloader. Machine-Parsable: DTB files are parsed by the system at boot time. The kernel uses the DTB to understand the hardware configuration of the system. Loaded by the System: DTB files are loaded by the bootloader (e.g., U-Boot) and passed to the kernel during boot to configure the hardware. Not Intended for Editing: DTB files are not intended to be edited directly by developers, as they are generated from DTS files.

¶ Step 7: Kernel modules

From the top of the kernel tree, install the kernel modules.

make sure the micrSD you are using are not mounted

$ sudo losetup -f
/dev/loop13
$ sudo losetup /dev/loop13 gentoo-32G-x86_64-systemd-2023-09-06.img 
$ sudo partprobe /dev/loop13
$ lsblk /dev/loop13
NAME       MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop13       7:13   0   32G  0 loop 
├─loop13p1 259:6    0  512M  0 part 
└─loop13p2 259:7    0 31.5G  0 part 

$ sudo arch-chroot ~/build/gentoo/src/root /bin/bash
alexlai@SurfacePro:~/build/gentoo/src$ sudo mount /dev/loop13p2 root
alexlai@SurfacePro:~/build/gentoo/src$ sudo arch-chroot root /bin/bash
SurfacePro / # source /etc/profile
(chroot) SurfacePro / # 

(chroot) SurfacePro / # mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt
(chroot) SurfacePro / # cat /mnt/config.txt 
# for my rpi3 modelB
kernel=my_kernel8-rpi3-b.img

(chroot) SurfacePro / # cd /usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/

(chroot) SurfacePro / # mount /dev/sdc3 /mnt
(chroot) SurfacePro / # ls /mnt
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  sys  tmp  usr  var

(chroot) SurfacePro / # cd /usr/src/raspberrypi/linux/
(chroot) SurfacePro / # ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu- make modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=/mnt/
...
INSTALL /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/kernel/sound/usb/misc/snd-ua101.ko
  XZ      /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/kernel/sound/usb/misc/snd-ua101.ko.xz
  INSTALL /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/kernel/sound/usb/snd-usb-audio.ko
  XZ      /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/kernel/sound/usb/snd-usb-audio.ko.xz
  INSTALL /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/kernel/sound/usb/snd-usbmidi-lib.ko
  XZ      /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/kernel/sound/usb/snd-usbmidi-lib.ko.xz
  DEPMOD  /mnt//lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+
(chroot) SurfacePro /usr/src/raspberrypi/

(chroot) SurfacePro /usr/src/raspberrypi/linux # ls /mnt/lib/modules/6.1.51-v8+/
build   modules.alias      modules.builtin            modules.builtin.bin      modules.dep      modules.devname  modules.softdep  modules.symbols.bin
kernel  modules.alias.bin  modules.builtin.alias.bin  modules.builtin.modinfo  modules.dep.bin  modules.order    modules.symbols  source

¶ Setp 8: /etc/fstab

(chroot) SurfacePro ~ # mount /dev/sdc3 /mnt
(chroot) SurfacePro ~ # blkid /dev/sdc*
/dev/sdc: PTUUID="93f044de" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="D83A-E4C8" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="93f044de-01"
/dev/sdc2: UUID="3ffda2e2-5c28-44ee-8288-2c77eb0e1d39" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="93f044de-02"
/dev/sdc3: UUID="fc75d73a-4df9-4860-810b-436115f69b11" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="93f044de-03"

nano /mnt/etc/fstab as,

#LABEL=boot                                             /boot           ext4            defaults        1 2
UUID=D83A-E4C8                                          /boot           vfat            defaults        1 2      

#LABEL＝root                                            /               xfs             defaults        0 1
UUID=fc75d73a-4df9-4860-810b-436115f69b11               /               ext4            defaults        0 1